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Cancer (Oncology)

Cancer is a group of diseases involving abnormal cell growth with the potential to invade or spread to other parts of the body. These contrast with benign tumors, which do not spread to other parts of the body.

Possible signs and symptoms include a lump, abnormal bleeding, prolonged cough, unexplained weight loss, and a change in movements. While these symptoms may indicate cancer, they may have other causes. Over 100 types of cancers affect humans.

Breast Cancer – is a disease in which cells in the breast grow out of control. There are different kinds of breast cancer. The kind of breast cancer depends on which cells in the breast turn into cancer. Breast cancer can begin in different parts of the breast.

Prostate Cancer – is cancer that occurs in the prostate — a small walnut-shaped gland in men that produces the seminal fluid that nourishes and transports sperm.

Uterine Cancer – forms in tissues of the uterus (the small, hollow, pear-shaped organ in a woman’s pelvis in which a fetus develops). Two types of uterine cancer are endometrial cancer (cancer that begins in cells lining the uterus) and uterine sarcoma (a rare cancer that begins in muscle or other tissues in the uterus).

Kidney Cancer – also known as renal cancer, is a type of cancer that starts in the cells in the kidney. The two most common types of kidney cancer are renal cell carcinoma(RCC) and transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) (also known as urothelial cell carcinoma) of the renal pelvis

Gastric Cancer – a malignant tumor of the stomach. … Symptoms of stomach cancer are often vague, such as loss of appetite and weight. Gastric cancer is diagnosed via a biopsy of stomach tissue during an endoscopy.

Throat Cancer – refers to cancerous tumors that develop in your throat (pharynx), voice box (larynx) or tonsils. Your throat is a muscular tube that begins behind your nose and ends in your neck. Throat cancer most often begins in the flat cells that line the inside of your throat.

Intestinal Cancer – is the presence of cancerous cells in the small or large intestines. The intestines are part of the body’s gastrointestinal (digestive) system. Cancer that develops in the large intestine (or large bowel) is called colorectal cancer. … Most types of small intestine cancer develop in the duodenum.

Lung Cancer – is the uncontrolled growth of abnormal cells that start off in one or both lungs; usually in the cells that line the air passages. The abnormal cells do not develop into healthy lung tissue, they divide rapidly and form tumors.

Leukemia – is a cancer which starts in blood-forming tissue, usually the bone marrow. It leads to the over-production of abnormal white blood cells, the part of the immune system which defends the body against infection.

Basal Cell Carcinoma – is a type of skin cancer. Basal cell carcinoma begins in the basal cells — a type of cell within the skin that produces new skin cells as old ones die off. …Basal cell carcinoma occurs most often on areas of the skin that are exposed to the sun, such as your head and neck.

Lymphoma – is cancer that begins in infection-fighting cells of the immune system, called lymphocytes. These cells are in the lymph nodes, spleen, thymus, bone marrow, and other parts of the body. … There are two main types of lymphoma: Non-Hodgkin: Most people with lymphoma have this type.